Multimodal rehabilitation protocol in patients undergoing elective surgery of the gastrointestinal tract. Multicenter study

Abstract

The multimodal rehabilitation protocols are designed to minimize organ dysfunction in the postoperative period and achieve accelerated postoperative recovery. General Objective: To determine whether the application of multimodal rehabilitations protocols promotes rapid recovery in elective surgical patients compared with traditional management. Methodology: A multicenter randomized involving four hospitals in different regions of the country study was conducted. The research was prospective, longitudinal, comparative court, patients were randomized in study group (n = 142) who applied the protocol and a control group (n = 100) managed according to traditional behaviors. Results: The hospital stay for the study group was 1.8 ± 1.2 days, while the control group the average was 6.3 ± 3.87 days (p < 0.05). Regarding postoperative complications, 88.7% of the study group patients evolved favorably and 11.26% presented minor complications, while 30% of the control group patients presented complications such as surgical site infection 13%, anastomotic dehiscence 5 % and vomiting 12% (p < 0.05).Conclusion: With the application of the multimodal rehabilitation protocol, it was achieved that the rate of complications was significantly lower in the study group when compared with the control group, therefore it is suggested to apply it within the realities of our hospitals, in addition to being an excellent tool to achieve an earlier recovery in the postoperative period and reduce hospital stay.