SURGICAL SITE INFECTION INCIDENCE IN SURGERY SERVICE I HOSPITAL DR. MIGUEL PÉREZ CARREÑO. 2019-2021. OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Surgical site infection is one of the most frequently reported types of healthcare-associated infections, it has negatively impact on patient physical and mental health and increase the risk of mortality. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of surgical site infection in elective and emergency surgeries, and its distribution according to the pathology. Methods: Retrospective and observational study, were included in which patients from the General Surgery I service of the Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño Hospital were included, between January 2019 and July 2021, who underwent a surgical procedure. Results: In total 1322 patients were included. The overall incidence of surgical site infection was 10.43%, most of the infections was in emergency surgery with an incidence of 10.7% and 4.19% in elective surgeries. The pathologies with the highest percentage of infection were abdominal trauma followed by intestinal obstruction. The incidence of surgical site infection in appendicular pathology was 10.4%. The most frequently isolated pathogens in the cultures performed was E. coli. Conclusions: Surgical site infection is a frequent complication in emergency surgery and needs to be considered and prevented in penetrating abdominal trauma, bowel obstructions, and complicated appendicitis. Knowledge of the incidence of this complication and comparing it with international studies is essential to establish own protocols for its control and prevention.